Bone of Contention: Understanding Resource Guarding

Resource guarding is a behavior exhibited by dogs where they exhibit protective or aggressive actions towards others—humans or animals—when they feel their food, toys, or other valued items are threatened. This natural, instinctive behavior can be distressing and dangerous if not properly managed. Here's a comprehensive look at what resource guarding is and how you can effectively manage it to ensure safety and harmony at home.

What Is Resource Guarding?
Resource guarding refers to any behavior that a dog uses to discourage others from approaching their valued resource. This might include growling, snapping, or biting when someone approaches their food bowl, or a toy, or even a favorite resting spot. It’s important to understand that this behavior is rooted in instinct—dogs are naturally inclined to protect resources that are crucial to their survival.

Why Do Dogs Guard Resources?
Several factors contribute to why a dog might guard resources:

• Genetics: Some breeds may have a stronger inclination towards guarding behaviors.
• Learned Behavior: If a dog learns that aggressive behavior successfully keeps their resource safe, the behavior is likely to continue.
• Environment: Competition with other animals in the home can exacerbate guarding behaviors.
• Anxiety: A general sense of insecurity or past scarcity (common in rescue dogs) can trigger resource guarding.
  
  

Managing Resource Guarding

• Early Identification: The first step in managing resource guarding is recognizing the signs early. Watch for subtle signs of discomfort (stiffening, side-eye glances, low growls) when approached during meals or play. Early intervention can prevent these behaviors from escalating.
• Create a Positive Association: Changing your dog’s perception about being approached while they have a resource is key. Begin by tossing high-value treats towards your dog while they are eating or chewing a toy, without getting too close. Over time, your dog will learn that the approach of a human to their resource predicts good things and not a threat. (See my book “The Guarded Canine” for complete training and treatment plans.)*
• Avoid Confrontation: Do not punish your dog for resource guarding; this can increase their stress and make the problem worse. Instead, work on making them feel secure and ensure they don't feel they need to defend their resources.
• Controlled Feeding: If food is the guarded resource, feed your dog in a quiet, uninterrupted place. You can also hand-feed them to improve their comfort with human proximity during feeding times.
• Professional Help: If resource guarding behaviors are severe or worsening, consult with me at Peaceful Paws. I can provide tailored strategies and support to safely manage and modify your dog's guarding behaviors. https://peacefulpaws.net/resource-guarding.html

Resource guarding is a manageable behavior with the right approach and understanding. By respecting your dog’s instincts and working through positive reinforcement methods, you can help mitigate these behaviors, ensuring a safer and more peaceful environment for everyone involved.

*The Guarded Canine:
Nurturing Trust in Resource Guarding Dogs
by Pat Blocker, CPDT-KA, FFCP

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